2025 (3) 5

https://doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.47.03.149

DAMPING AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE MATERIALS BASED ON A MIXTURE OF PREPOLYMERS

NATALIIA BABKINA^* (ORCID: 0000-0002-1803-0887), OKSANA ANTONENKO

(ORCID:0000-0002-6451-7944), LIUDMYLA KOSYANCHUK (ORCID: 0000-0002-3617-9538), LIUBOV VORONTSOVA (ORCID: 0000-0002-3792-9409), OLEKSANDR BROVKO^** (ОRCID: 0000-0003-0238-1137)

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine

48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine

^*E-mail: nabab1906@gmail.com

^**E-mail:brovko@nas.gov.ua

Polimernyi Zhurnal, 2025, 47, no. 3: 149-159

Section: Structure and properties.

Language: Ukrainian.

Abstract:

A method for obtaining polyurethane (PU) materials based on a mixture of prepolymers with different compositions is proposed to extend and specifically control the temperature range of effective damping. The initial polyurethanes include PU-1, which contains prepolymer-1 based on an oligoester with M = 1500 and an aliphatic diisocyanate; and PU-2, which contains prepolymer-2 based on an oligoether with M = 1000 and an aromatic diisocyanate. Additionally, PU compositions based on mixtures of prepolymer-1 and prepolymer-2 in ratios of 70/30, 50/50, and 30/70 wt.% were synthesized. Light microscopy showed that the initial PUs have a homogeneous structure, while the base-mixed prepolymer PU compositions display a distinct heterophase structure. The damping efficiency of the synthesized PU materials was assessed through their viscoelastic properties obtained using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Specifically, the mechanical loss parameter (tan δ) was used to define the effective damping region as the temperature range where tan δ ≥ 0.3. The initial PUs exhibited effective damping within the temperature ranges of −28 °C to 2 °C for PU-1 and −5 °C to 42 °C for PU-2. The temperature range for effective damping in the mixed prepolymer PU compositions extends from −22 °C to 37 °C, covering a range where neither of the initial PUs alone exhibits high damping capacity. It has been demonstrated that the effective damping range of PU composites can be adjusted by changing the ratio of prepolymer-1 to prepolymer-2. Further research has shown that PU compositions based on a mixture of prepolymers form a more cross-linked network. This correlates with an increase in chemical cross-links between hardener molecules and topological entanglements among macrochains. Depending on their prepolymer ratio, the mechanical properties of PU composites are intermediate between those of PU-1 and PU-2. Therefore, producing PU materials from a mixture of prepolymers with different chemical compositions is an effective method for developing damping materials.

Keywords: polyurethane, prepolymer mixture, damping properties, mechanical properties, temperature range of effective damping.

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