2026 (1) 1

https://doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.48.01.003

BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS.

PART 3. POLYMERS OBTAINED FROM SYNTHETIC MONOMERS

Valentyna BOIKO^* (ORCID: 0000-0002-5527-0468)

Sergii RIABOV (ORCID: 0000-0003-2996-3794)

Larisa KOBRINA (ORCID: 0000-0001-6801-0801)

Anton TYMOSHYK (ORCID: 0009-0003-3730-1771)

Tetiana DMYTRIEVA (ORCID: 0000-0002-3526-8395)

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine

48, Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine

^*Corresponding author.

e-mail:  Riabov.S@nas.gov.ua

Polimernyi Zhurnal, 2025, 48, no. 1: 3-14

Section: Review

Language: Ukrainian.

Abstract

The review focuses on biodegradable polymers (BDPs) produced by traditional synthesis from synthetic monomers. Attention is paid to aliphatic polyesters (polycaprolactone, polybutylene succinate), aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters (poly-(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), aliphatic polyamides, polyamide ethers, polyurethanes, polypropylene carbonate, and polyvinyl alcohol. These polymers, due to their structural features, can undergo biological degradation under the influence of natural factors in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The synthesis methods for each of these BDPs are analyzed in detail, and schemes for their preparation are provided, along with examples of raw materials, polymerization catalysts, and other technological nuances. The physical, thermal, and mechanical properties are provided for each of the specified BDPs, depending on their molecular weight and degree of crystallinity. The types of solvents for these polymers are listed. It is shown that to improve the operational characteristics of BDPs, copolymers and mixtures with other high-molecular compounds are obtained. References are provided for areas of application of BDPs obtained from synthetic monomers. The mechanism of degradation of these polymeric materials in the natural environment is described, and strains of microorganisms that decompose these BDPs in the environment are listed.

The review analyzed publications during the past few decades, which allows us to conclude about the relevance of scientific and technical research and practical use of biodegradable polymers elaborated from synthetic monomers.

Keywords: biodegradable polymers, synthetic monomers, polycaprolactone, polybutylene succinate, aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic polyamides, polyamide esters, polyurethanes, polypropylene carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol.

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