2025 (3) 3

https://doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.47.03.118

NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON A MULTICOMPONENT POLYMER MATRIX CONTAINING THE NANOFILLER 1,2-PROPANEDIOLISOBUTYL-POSS: THERMODYNAMICS OF INTERACTIONS AND DYNAMIC-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

LIUDMYLA KARABANOVA (ORCID: 0000-0002-5909-0042), NATALIA BABKINA (ORCID: 0000-0002-1803-0887), LIUBOV HONCHAROVA (ORCID: 0000-0003-2529-9945)

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,

48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine

Polimernyi Zhurnal, 2025, 47, no. 3: 118-133

Section: Structure and properties.

Language: Ukrainian.

Abstract:

The nanocomposites based on a multicomponent polymer matrix, consisting of polyurethane and polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate and representing semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs), containing 1,2-propanediolisobutyl-POSS, were synthesized. The thermodynamic parameters of interactions within the system and the dynamic mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposites were examined. Based on experimental data on the sorption of methylene chloride vapor by semi-IPNs and nanocomposite samples, the free energy of mixing polyurethane and polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate (Gibbs energy) was calculated. It was shown that the free energy of mixing during the formation of the semi-IPNs is positive, indicating that polyurethane and polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate are thermodynamically incompatible. The addition of nanofiller 1,2-propanediolisobutyl-POSS to the system increases the thermodynamic incompatibility between polyurethane and polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate. The study of the nanocomposites using dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the nanocomposites have one peak of the loss tangent (tan δ), which occurs between the peaks for the original polymer components. A maximum of tan d is the result of forced phase compatibility, or the formation of small-sized phase domains of polyurethane and polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate, and the presence of a large proportion of interfacial layers in the systems, which does not allow fixing the individual glass transition temperatures of these components within the synthesized semi-IPNs.  The addition of the nanofiller 1,2-propanediolisobutyl-POSS into the matrix causes a shift of the maximum of the tan δ curve toward higher temperatures and a decrease in its amplitude. This indicates the suppression of segmental motion in polyurethane due to the concentration of part of the nanofiller in the flexible segments of polyurethane and, as a result, the restriction of segmental dynamics motion. For the nanocomposites based on a matrix with a PU/PHPMA ratio of 70/30, containing 3% and 5% of 1,2-propanediolisobutyl-POSS, a broad tan δ maximum was observed, covering the temperature range from 0 to 100 °C with relatively high intensity. This broad, high-intensity tan δ maximum indicates that the nanocomposites have the potential to be used as effective noise and vibration damping materials.

Keywords: nanocomposites, polyurethane, polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate, 1,2-propanediolisobutyl-POSS, thermodynamics, dynamic mechanical analysis

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