№2 (2017) 5

https://doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.39.02.101

Study of biodegradation of polymer thermoplastic starch-derivative composite materials

O.P. Nedilko1, K.M. Tymchenko1, D.A. Mishurov2

1 V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

4, Svobody square, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine

2 National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute»

21, Frunze str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine

Polym. J., 2017, 39, № 2: 101-108.

Section: Structure and properties.

Language: Ukrainian.

Abstract:

The results of the biodegradation study of thermoplastic starch-derivative  polymers  with different content of montmorillonite (MMT) under the influence of mold fungi are presented. Standard methods for evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of the composites, the growth rate of biodestructor fungi on the surface of test material samples and the weight loss at the end of the experiment were used. It was shown that resulting polymer composite materials are biodegradable by the Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Trichoderma viridescens fungi. Under conditions of mineral contamination and high moisture, the given materials showed no resistance to these fungi. In the end of the experiment the samples not only lost weight but gained new morphological features: lost their shape and changed color under the influence of fungal enzymes, which also indicates the process of degradation. Biodegradability of given composite materials was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Aspergillus niger was found to be the most active toward the test samples. It was shown that the filling of thermoplastic starch with montmorillonite is useful only with the filling rate of 1 %. Further filling with MMT  decreases the physical and mechanical properties of the composites.

Keywords: polymer material, thermoplastic starch, biodegradability, biodestructor fungi, IR-spectrs, physical and mechanical properties.

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