2018 (1) 2
Superlattices in a metal-nanodisperse polyvinylchloride
B.B. Kolupaev1, B.S. Kolupaev2, V.V. Levchuk2, Yu.R. Maksimtsev2, V.A. Sidletskyi2
1Institute of Cybernetics of the Rivne International Economic and Humanitarian University named after Academician S. Demyanchuk
4, S. Demyanchuk str., Rivne, 33028, Ukraine
2Rivne State Humanitarian University
31, Plastova str., Rivne, 33000, Ukraine
Polym. J., 2018, 40, no. 1: 16-22
Section: Physics of polymers.
Language: Ukrainian.
Abstract:
Highly ordered polyvinylchloride (PVC) is considered as a typical representative of flexible-chain polymers, which contains superlattice formed as a result of the thermodynamic segregation of heterogeneous structures. A description is given of the dynamic properties of superlattices from the positions of the kinetic theory of liquids and real crystals. It is shown that when the content of nanodispersed copper varies from 0 ≤ φ ≤ 1,0 vol. % at a temperature of 293 K ≤ T ≤ (Tg+10) K, the vibrational spectrum of the structure of the PVC system covers the region from the ultrasonic to the infrared range. The state of the thermodynamic quasiequilibrium of the composite is analyzed and it is shown that the most significant changes in the magnitude of the determinant of material resistance occur in the region of 0 ≤ φ ≤ 0,1 vol.% Cu. At the same time, φcr ≈ 0,06 vol.% Cu and PVC goes into the state of the ultimate layer. The introduction of nanodispersed copper into the polymer leads to a broadening of the thermodynamic stability region of the composite, shifting it to higher temperatures. The monotonous change in the thermodynamic resistance value, as the content of nanodispersed copper in PVC increases, includes both the glass transition region and the region of the high-elastic state, indicating the absence of thermal destruction of superlattices in the range 298 K ≤ T ≤ 358 K. The ways of using superlattices are indicated.
Keywords: superlattice, ultrasound, relaxation, thermodynamic stability, quasi-equilibrium.
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